Getting Started (ComputerCraft)/fr

Introduction
 consists primarily of three major components: the, s, and the that attach to both to extend their basic functionality. It is possible to craft all three without ever writing an actual program, just using the built-in programs provided by the mod... but by doing so one ignores the true potential of ComputerCraft. This guide assumes that the user has no to little experience with Lua, the programming language used by ComputerCraft and will give some basics as it progresses. Please also note that this guide is only going to touch on some of the basic concepts and components of ComputerCraft; additional information can be found at ComputerCraft's Official Site as well as throughout this wiki and guides that will come at later dates.

L'ordinateur
Le premier et plus simple des composants de ComputerCraft est le. La recette est assez peu coûteuse et il peut être crafté relativement tôt si vous avez la chance de trouver de la redstone. Le Computer peut être placé où le joueur le souhaite et peut être récupéré en le cassant avec n'importe quel outil.

Faire un clic droit sur le ouvre la ligne de commande de CraftOS (CraftOS est le système d'exploitation par défaut pour les s); c'est à partir d'ici que la plupart des utilisateurs lancent des programmes sur leurs s.

Commandes CraftOS basiques
Les commandes basiques utilisées dans CraftOS sont, pour la plupart, identiques ou très proches des commandes basiques utilisées par presque toutes les distributions des systèmes d'exploitation *nix; ainsi, la plupart des utilisateurs (même ceux qui ont occasionnellement utilisé la ligne de commande dans d'autres OS, comme Windows ou OSX) devraient se familiariser facilement avec celles-ci. Toutes les commandes sont exécutées depuis CraftOS. Notez que les paramètres en italique sont considérés optionnels.

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! command/command alias ! Command description/use
 * help  
 * On its own, returns a list of help topics. Specifying the topic after the command returns information on that topic.
 * programs
 * Lists the available programs to be run.
 * apis
 * Returns a list of available APIs (application programming interfaces) that one can use (via Lua) from within CraftOS. More information on various APIs can be obtained by typing using the help command followed by the API name.
 * ls/list  
 * Lists the contents of a directory. If no directory is given lists the contents of the current one.
 * cd
 * Changes the current directory; can be used to go to the parent directory of where the command is issued.
 * mkdir
 * Creates a new directory with the given name.
 * mv/move/rename
 * cd
 * Changes the current directory; can be used to go to the parent directory of where the command is issued.
 * mkdir
 * Creates a new directory with the given name.
 * mv/move/rename
 * mv/move/rename
 * mv/move/rename

Simple, right? Save the file and exit the editor, then type in the name of the program. All going well, the following will appear in the CraftOS window:

Félicitations pour vos premiers pas dans n'importe quel langage de programmation. Même si il ne fait qu'une ligne, ce programme montre comment afficher du texte dans la fenêtre. C'est généralement la principale manière de renvoyer de l'information à un utilisateur (en dehors du graphisme, qui est hors du cadre de ce guide).

Hello Username
Tandis que renvoyer du texte est important, il est aussi important de recevoir une entrée (que ce soit de l'information utilisable par le programme directement ou utilisable pour la navigation dans une interface). Ce programme va étoffer les explications à propos de la fonction print, ainsi qu'introduire le concept de variables et les fonctions read et write.

Ouvrez un nouveau fichier dans l'éditeur (nom recommandé: "hello2"). Entrez y ce qui suit...

Save and exit the editor, then execute the program. It will expect some input from the user, but the output should overall look like this:

The print function in this example concentrates the multiple arguments (ie  is the same as  This example shows how to create a program, how to simply print information to the screen, simply reading input, and storing data in a variable.

Computer Light Switch
This example requires a little more setup than just the basic. To the left of the computer, place either some redstone or (only one block is needed). Next to that, place a lamp (it doesn't matter which type). Please note one can place this setup on any side of the computer, however, the placement will affect how the code needs to be written (it is pretty self explanatory, though).

In this example, quite a few new functions/statements are introduced including the while loop, if...then...else statements, os.pullEvent, print which is, redstone.setOutput, and comments (for ease of navigating/identifying sections of code). Comments are the text that is after a

Enter the following code (feel free to omit comments; they are there for ease of reading the code but it's understandable if one feels it's a bit much to type in):

Running this code will show something like the following on the screen: To turn lamp on, press L. To exit, press any other key.

(En supposant que l'utilisateur appuie sur L, la lampe s'allume et ce qui suit s'affiche...)

Pour éteindre la lampe, appuyez sur L. Pour quitter, appuyez sur n'importe quelle autre touche.

Appuyer sur n'importe quelle autre touche renverra l'utilisateur vers l'invite de commande CraftOS. Ce programme a l'air compliqué, mais en réalité c'est seulement très désordonné (et il viole quelques conventions, en fait). Cependant, écrire ce code montre à l'utilisateur l'essence de ce qui se passe et le prépare pour le prochain exemple.

Computer Light Switch Mk. II
This example will use the setup from the previous example. Here, the user will learn to use functions as well as other aspects of the Redstone API to control the lamp and avoid "bulky" code. It is recommended to start a new program file rather than editing the old one (due to the way the CraftOS editor works). For simplicity I will omit most of the previous comments to allow the code to be seen easier. This program uses a new part of the redstone API, redstone.getOutput(side), which allows the computer to read whether the computer is powering redstone or not, and takes only one argument: side.

The set of If statements can be simplified to:

Interrupteur intelligent
Contenu à venir.

What To Do When Things Don't Work
It will happen; one will spend time meticulously writing code only to save and run their program to find...it won't work. There's usually a few important things to check before throwing the mouse at the nearest innocent bystander...


 * 1) Check the error message... 99.999% of the time it will tell one exactly where the mistake was made (improper syntax, missing end statement, etc).
 * 2) Check the use of case (upper and lower case letters). Remember, functions usually start with a lower case letter but additional 'words' will have upper case in them (for example - redstone.setOutput).
 * 3) Check control statements (while, for, if, etc). Make sure they're declared right and terminated correctly (sometimes a missing end statement won't register for quite a few lines).
 * 4) When in doubt, write it out. One can sometimes be surprised how glaring an error is when rewriting something...despite missing it the first time.
 * 5) Ask the Community. Sometimes things are trickier than they appear to be but chances are someone has made the same mistake and figured it out, however, there's also a good chance that with another pair of eyes on the problem everyone can learn how to do it... maybe even find a better way! Just remember to search the forums for previous posts before making a new thread.